Antimony and antimony oxide@graphene oxide obtained by the peroxide route as anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Denis Y.W. Yu
1–3
, , / Sudip K. Batabyal
1
/ Jenny Gun
4
/ Sergey Sladkevich
4
/ Alexey A. Mikhaylov
4, 5
/ Alexander G. Medvedev
4, 5
/ Vladimir M. Novotortsev
5
/
Ovadia Lev
4
/ Petr V. Prikhodchenko
5
1Energy Research Institute at NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
2TUM CREATE Centre for Electromobility, 1 CREATE Way, 10/F Create Tower, Singapore 138602, Singapore
3School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
4The Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
5Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
Cite as: Denis Y.W. Yu, Sudip K. Batabyal, Jenny Gun, Sergey Sladkevich, et al. Antimony and antimony oxide@graphene oxide obtained by the peroxide route as anodes for lithium-ion batteries, nano Online. (2016). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/nano.0033.2015-0001
Cite as: Denis Y.W. Yu, Sudip K. Batabyal, Jenny Gun, Sergey Sladkevich, et al.. Antimony and antimony oxide@graphene oxide obtained by the peroxide route as anodes for lithium-ion batteries, Main Group Metal Chemistry. 38, 43 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2015-0001
Abstract
Zero-valent antimony and antimony oxide were deposited on graphene oxide by the recently introduced peroxide deposition route. The antimony@graphene oxide (GO) anode exhibits a charging capacity of 340 mAh g-1 with excellent stability at a current rate of 250 mA g-1 after 50 cycles of lithiation, which is superior to all other forms of antimony anodes that have been reported thus far. The electrode also exhibits a good rate performance, with a capacity of 230 and 180 mAh g-1 at a rate of 500 and 1000 mA g-1, respectively. We attribute the superior performance of the antimony@GO anodes to our coating protocol, which provides a thin layer of nanometric antimony coating on the graphene oxide, and to a small amount of antimony oxide that is left in the anode material after heat treatment and imparts some flexibility. The efficient charge distribution by the large surface area of reduced GO and the expansion buffering of the elastic graphene sheets also contributed to the superior stability of the anode.
Keywords: antimony; antimony oxide; hydroperoxoantimonate; lithium-ion battery; reduced graphene oxide
